|
N+ .¾N úoHdj
wm jdih lrk
.%yf,dalh jQ mDÒúh .ek l=¾wdkfha i|yka jk mqÿu Wmojk fy<sorõ lsÍï ms<sn|j oeka
wms i,ld n,uq' tys mDÒúh iïnkaOj tys u;=msáka o¾YKh jk fN!;sl isoaOdka; .ek
muKla fkdj" tys jdih lrk cSùka ms<sn|jo b;d fyd|ska úia;r bosßm;a lr we;'
wm fuf;la idlÉPd l< lreKq fukau" l=¾wdkfhys N+.¾N úoHdj ms<sn|jo ukd ixl,amhka
bosßm;a lr we;' N+.¾N úoHdj l=¾wdkh my< jQ iuhg fndfyda miq ld,hloS we;sù"
oshqKq jQ úoHd fCIa;%hls'
fï wkQj wmg wmf.kau my; i|yka m%Yak weiSug isÿfõ' ldka;drhla ueo cSj;a jQ
kQ.;a ñksfila" ñ:Hd úYajdihkaf.a wdêm;Hg f,dalh hg;aj isá iuhl ish¿u úIh
fCIa;%hka iïnkaOj we;sjQ .eg¿ ksjerosj ksrdlrKh lr.ksñka" ;uka fj; my< jQ
o¾YKh me;srùfuys ksr; jQfha flfiao@ Tyqf.ka Y;j¾I .Kkdjlg miq hq.hloS muKla
idjoH njg mQ¾K jYfhka Tmamq lr bj;,k ,o úYajdihka Tyq Bg fndfyda l,lg fmr b;d
oCI f,i neyer lf<a flfiao@
c, jl%h
mDÒúfhys
l%shd;aul jk úúO moaO;s ms<sn|j l=¾wdkfha tk j.ka;Ska fuysoS úuid n,uq'
—nhsn,h l=¾wdkh iy úoHdj˜ kï udf.a .%ka:fhys fujeks fndfyda oE ms<sn|j úia;r
uúiska bosßm;a lr we;s w;r" fuysoS iajNdúl —c,pl%h ms<sn|j úfYaI wjOdkhla
fhduq lrkq leue;af;ñ' fï ud;Dldj iïnkaOfhka wo wmg b;d fyd| wjfndaOhla we;'
fï fya;=fjka c,pl%h ms<sn|j jQ woyia ish,a,u iïmQ¾Kfhkau m%;HCI f,i ikd: fõ'
l=¾wdkh my< jQ wjêfha fï ms<sn|j jQ woyia i,ld ne,SfïoS fmkS hkqfha" c,
iïmdokh ms<sn| hï oekqula ful, ñksiqka i;= jQjo" ta ish,a, ksÍCIK u; moku jQ
tajd fkdj" ñ:Hd u;jdo yd úpdrd;aul od¾Yksl woyia u; mokï jQ tajd njhs'
wia iqu¾ mßÉfPaofha tk my; i|yka j.ka;s WÞyrK jYfhka wms oeka i,ld n,uq'
—w,a,dya wyiska jeisosh my,g tjd" tu jeis osh fmd<j ;=<g úksúo hdug i,iajd ta
;=<ska W,am;a osh ìyslr" ta Wmldrfhka fmd<j u; úúO j¾Khkaf.ka hq;= j.djka we;s
l< nj Tn fkdÿgqfjyso@˜ (Y=
l=¾wdkh 39- 21)
wo oskfhaoS fuh b;d ir, f,i wmg yeÕS .sho" l=¾wdkh my< jQ" wog fndfyda wE;
hq.hl oS" th tfia fkdjQ nj wm ;rfha is;g .; hq;=h' 16 jk Y; j¾IfhaoS —n¾kdâ
me,sis˜ úiska c,pl%h ms<sn|j kshu iïnkaO;djhka iys;j lreKq wkdjrKh lrk ;=reu
fuh f,djg ryilaj mej;=Ks' Bg fmr ld,hkaysoS ñksiqka úYajdi lrk ,oafoa id.r c,h
iq<fÕa n,mEu fya;=fldg f.k uydoaùm ;=<g ls|d nei uyd w.dOhka yryd kej; iuqøh
lrd meñfKk njhs" maf,afgdaf.a iufhys mgka fï uyd w.dO
tartarus
kñka ye|skaúh'
^md;d, f,dalfha .%Sl foú÷ka f,i úYajdi l< maÆfgda Tyqf.a /csk
jQ fm;if*daka (Persephone)
iuÕ urKh yd ksrfha n,;, iys;j cSj;ajQ m%foaYh —yfoaia ksjyk˜ f,i y÷kajkq ,enQ
w;r" thg ÿria:j msysá tartarus
w.dOh wmdfha o~qjï fokq ,nk ia:dkh f,i;a ie,fla' miq lf,l fï ia:dk 2 w;r we;s
mr;rh wvqù f.dia —yfoaia ksjyk˜ yd
tartarus w.dOh tllahehs i,lk ,oS'
(kj ì%;dkH úYaj fldaIh
- 15 jk fj¿u - msgq wxl 606)
17 jk Y; j¾Ifha úiQ uyd Ñka;lfhl= jk
Descartes mjd fuu ñ:Hd u;h úYajdi
lf<ah' —weßiafgdag,a úiska fï iïnkaOj i|yka l< u; 19 jk Y; j¾IfhaoS mjd
fndfyda fofkl= úiska ms<s.kq ,enqKs' weßiafgdag,af.a u;fhys iS; l÷ uqÿkaj,
msysá .eUqre ìxf.j,a jeks l=yr ;=< c,h >KSNjkh ù iEfok N+.; ialJOfhka W,am;a
fmdaIKh jk nj i|yka fõ' kuq;a jeisosfhka fmd<j ;=<g ldkaÿ ù hk c,h uÕska
W,am;a fmdaIKh jk nj wo fyd|ska okakd lreKls' fï wkqj i,ld ne,sfïoS l=¾wdkfhys
fï úIhhg wÞ,j oelafjk lreKq wo wm okakd kQ;k —c, úoHdfõ˜ (Hydrology)
tk o;a;hka yd ukdj .e,fmk nj fmkS hhs'
l÷
kQ;k N+.¾N úoHdfõ
kj fidhd.ekSula jQ l÷ moaO;s ieliSu ms<sn| ia:Íh jdoh fkdfyd;a /<s;s
isoaOdka;h (Folding
Phenomenon) fufia i|yka lrhs'
—mDÒúfhys msg; fldgi fyj;a —lfnd,˜ >K ljphlska iEoS we;s w;r tys .eUqre
ia:rhka WKqiqï oshrhlska iukaú;h' fï ksid tu fldgi cSùkaf.a jdihg kqiqÿiq fõ'˜
;jo fuu isoaOdka;fhka l÷ moaO;s we;sùu yd tu.ska we;sjk ia:djr;ajh .eko
lshefõ' mDÒúh u;=msg ia:r fyj;a —lfnd,˜ fldgia tys my;a ia:r foig keUqre ù l÷
ieliSug wÞ, w;a;sjdru f.dvk.k w;r" ta u; ia:r jYfhka tla /iajk mDÒú —lfnd,˜
fldgia j,ska iukaú; ù miqj iEfok l÷ j,g fuu.ska ia:djr;ajhla iemfha'
oeka fuu lreKq l=¾wdkfha tk lreKq yd ii|d n,uq' th tys tk —wkaknd˜ kï
mßÉfPaofha fufia oelafõ'
—wm fmd<j ;kd ta ;=<ska úldYKh jQ m%idrKhka uÕska l÷ uq÷ka fkd;ekqfjuqo@˜
(Y= l=¾wdkh 78 6-7)
"Awtad"
hk wrdì jokska YsLrh" uqÿk hk w¾:hka f.kfok w;ru fuhska l=vdrula kex.+rï
,EfïoS fmd<j yd iïnkaOj mj;sk wdldrho woyia flf¾' fuhska tys N+.ia:r j,ska
iukaú; jQ .eUqre w;a;sjdru .eko meyeos,s flf¾'
fuysoS o ud fuf;la bosßm;a l< wka ud;Dld j,oS fukau kQ;k úoHdj yd l=¾wdkfha tk
lreKq w;r mriamr úfrdaë;djhla y÷kd .ekSug lsisu wmCImd;S ksÍCIlfhl= iu;a ù
fkdue;'
cSj úoHdj
l=¾wdkfhys
i|ykajk Ydl yd i;a;aj rdcOdks ms<sn| lreKq ^úfYaIfhkau m%ckkh yd iïnkaOj&
uÕska wka ish¿ fohlgu jvd ud uú;hg m;ajqKs'
we;a; jYfhkau fï úIhh iïnkaOfhka mq¿,a jYfhka yd jeä ld,hla fhdod f.k idlÉPd
l< hq;=j mej;sho" fuu bosßm;a lsÍfuys we;s iSñ; bvlv fya;=fjka ug fuysoS
bosßm;a l< yelafla WÞyrK iq¿ m%udKhla muKs'
l=¾wdkSh mßÉfPaoh j, i|yka jk ieÕjqKq w¾:hka jgyd .ekSug wo wm iu;aj we;af;a
kQ;k úoHdfõ oshqKqj fya;=fjka nj uu kej; jrla wjOdrKh lrkq leue;af;ñ' we;eï
l=¾wdkSh mßj¾;khka iy ta iïnkaOj tk úia;r újrKhka rpkd lrk ,o W.;=ka iuyfrla"
kQ;k úoHd oekqfuka f;drjQjka neúka - wo we;eï úoHd{hska iuyfrla fun÷ újrKhka
ms<s.; fkdyels tajd f,i i<lKq ,nhs'
l=¾wdkfha tk we;eï lreKq ksielju myiqfjka f;areï .; yels tajd jk kuqÿ tys
ieÕjqKq úoHd;aul w¾:hka mqÿu Wmojk iq¿ tajd fõ' WÞyrKhla f,i —w,a wkaìhd˜
mßÉfPaoh i,ld n,uq'
—wyi yd fmd<j tlaj ;snqKq w;r" th ud úiska folv lr yer" ish¿u cSùka c,h ;=<ska
iEÿ nj wúYajdijka;hska jgyd fkd.kshso@
Tjqka ;ju;a úYajdi fkdlrkafkyso@ (Y=
l=¾wdkh 21 30)
fuh kQ;k úoHdfõ tk cSjfha iïNjh c,cj is¥jQjlehs hkak pu;aldrckl f,i ikd: lr
olajhs'
Woayso úoHdj
uqyïuoa kì ^i,a&
;=udf.a iufhys lsisÿ rgl úiQ lsisÿ úoHd{fhl= i;= Woayso úoHd oekqu uÕska
Ydlhka ia;%S iy mqreI jYfhka wx.hka follska iukaú; jk nj mejiSug iu;a fkdùh'
tfy;a l=¾wdkfhys tk —;dyd˜ mßÉfPaofha th fufia i|yka fõ'
—foúhka jykafia úiska wyiska fmd<jg jeis jiaijd' fkdfhla j¾.fha Ydlhka hq.,
jYfhka we;s ùug i,iajk ,oS'˜
^Y= l=¾wdkh 20- 53)
M, we;s lrkq ,nk ish¿u Ydl ,sx.sl ,CIK j,ska iukaú; jk nj ^ia;%S yd mqreI
fldgia w;r isÿjk ixfiapkfhka M, yg.kakd nj& wo wm fyd|ska okakd lreKls' tfia
jQjo" flfi,a jeks Ydl j,oS ixfiapkh fkdjQ u,a ;=,skao M, yg.kS' u,la hkq Ydlhl
,sx.sl wjhj /|S we;s fldgi fõ'
l=¾wdkfha —w¾-rdoa˜ mßÉfPaofha fufia i|yka fõ'
—''''''''' foúhka úiska fuf,dj uejQ ish¿ m<;=re hq.,a j,ska we;slrk ,oS'˜ ^Y=
l=¾wdkh ( 13- 3)
ldhsl úoHdj
fuu fCIa;%fhaoS
l=¾wdkfhys tk woyia w;sYhskau jeo.;a hehs ug yefÕa' —reêr ixirK moaO;sh˜
ms<sn|j fidhd.ekSug o< jYfhka jir oyilg muK fmr l,loS - wdydr cS¾Kfha t, f,i
wjfYdaIKh lr.kakd øjH uq¿ isrer ;=<u .uka lrñka iEu wNHka;r bJøshhlgu fmdaIKh
i,id fok nj;a" lsß j, ixhq;sfhys m%Njh jkafkao fuu ixirK øjH nj;a ''' jYfhka
kQ;k úoHdj yd fnfyúka ieif|k lreKq l=¾wdkSh mßÉfPaohkays úia;r fõ'
fuu l=¾wdkSh lreKq wjfndaO lr.ekSug m<uqj wm o; hq;= lreKla fõ' tkï wmf.a
uqLh" wdudYh yd wka;%hka ^nvje,a& hk fldgia ;=<oS wm .kq ,nk wdydr yd tkaihsu
kï ridhksl øjHhka w;r isÿjk m%;sl%shdjkays m%;sM,hla f,i ksl=;a flfrk" wKql
iajrEmfhka mj;sk fmdaIH mÞ¾:hka" wka;%fha ì;a;s u;jQ —wx.=,sld˜ kï jQ l=vd
m%ir ;=<ska reêr ixirK moaO;shg wjfYdaIKh lr.kq ,nhs' fuys we;s reêrh uÕska
fuf,i wjfYdaIKh lr.;a fmdaIH mÞ¾:hka YÍrfha we;s ish¿u bJøshhka fjk m%jdyKh
flf¾' lsß ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk —ia;k .%kaÓkao˜ fï bJøshhka w;rg wh;a fõ'
Y; j¾I .Kkdjlg by; oS f;areï .; fkdyelsj ;snQ fuu cSj úoHd;aul l%shdÞuh
ms<sn|j jQ wvx.= lreKq l=¾wdkfha tk fldgia lsysmhla wOHhkh lsÍfuka wmyg b;d
myiqfjka wjfndaO lr.; yel' fuh —wkakya,a˜ kï mßÉfPaofha fufia oelafjhs'
—ieneúkau .jhka ;=< Tng bf.kSug mdvula fõ' uu Tng îug ,ndÿkafka Tjqkaf.a
wka;%j, wvx.= oehska yd reêrfhka ixhqla; ù iEoS we;s lsÍ kï jQ oshrhhs' th
mdkh lrkakd msßisÿ yd b;d m%shukdm jkafkah'˜
ia;k .%kaÓ j,ska i%djh jk lsßj, ixhq;sh ieneúkau iukaú; jkqfha reêrh u.ska tk
.%kaÓ j,g mßjyKh flfrk wdydr cS¾Kfha wka; M,hka f,i we;sjk fmdaIK ix>gl j,sks'
reêrh yd fuu fmdaIK ix>gl wka;% ì;a;s u;oSu tlg ixfhdackh ù mj;S'
uqyïuoa kì ^i,a& ;=udf.a urKska jir oyilg miq ridhksl úoHdj yd ldhsl úoHdj
uÕska b;d ksjerosj mÍCIdjg Ndckh lrk ,ÿj ;yjqre jQ fuu i;Hhka l=¾wdkfha by;
oelafjk whqßka bosßm;a lr we;'
wdpd¾h fudßiq
nqffL,a - m%xY ffjoH úoHd welvñh
mßj¾;kh( kcaud
fmf¾rd' |
